Question
1221
Mengapa tekanan sekitar 10 bar atau lebih penting dalam proses COW?
Why is a pressure of around 10 bar or more important in the COW process?
Options
a
Karena tekanan yang cukup diperlukan agar jet pencuci mampu menjangkau dan membersihkan permukaan tangki secara efektif.
Because sufficient pressure is needed so that the washing jets can reach and clean the tank surfaces effectively.
b
Karena tekanan tinggi diperlukan untuk membekukan residu minyak.
Because high pressure is needed to freeze oil residues.
c
Karena tekanan tersebut menurunkan kadar oksigen di tangki secara otomatis.
Because that pressure automatically lowers the oxygen level in the tank.
d
Karena tekanan rendah justru meningkatkan titik nyala minyak mentah.
Because low pressure actually raises the flash point of crude oil.
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Question
1222
Mengapa sifat thixotropic minyak mentah penting dalam COW?
Why are the thixotropic properties of crude oil important in COW?
Options
a
Karena minyak dapat menjadi lebih mudah mengalir saat teraduk atau diberi gaya, sehingga membantu melapisi dan membawa residu.
Because the oil can flow more easily when agitated or subjected to force, helping to coat and carry residues.
b
Karena sifat itu membuat minyak berubah menjadi air saat dipompa.
Because this property turns oil into water when pumped.
c
Karena sifat itu menghilangkan listrik statis tanpa pembumian.
Because this property eliminates static electricity without grounding.
d
Karena sifat itu membuat tekanan jet selalu konstan tanpa pompa.
Because this property keeps jet pressure constant without a pump.
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Ungraded
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Question
1223
Apa yang dimaksud dengan efek percikan balik dalam COW?
What is meant by the splash-back effect in COW?
Options
a
Pantulan dan penyebaran jet minyak dari permukaan tangki yang membantu melepaskan residu di area sekitar titik tumbukan.
The reflection and spread of the oil jet from the tank surface, which helps release residues around the impact area.
b
Proses pembuangan minyak dari tangki slop ke laut.
The process of discharging oil from the slop tank into the sea.
c
Metode mempercepat stripping dengan menutup semua ventilasi.
A method of speeding up stripping by closing all vents.
d
Pemompaan campuran minyak-air kembali ke manifold darat.
The pumping of the oil-water mixture back to the shore manifold.
Grade
Ungraded
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Question
1224
Mengapa pencucian dengan air tidak efektif untuk menghilangkan endapan minyak berat?
Why is washing with water not effective for removing heavy oil deposits?
Options
a
Karena air tidak melarutkan hidrokarbon sebaik minyak mentah yang sejenis.
Because water does not dissolve hydrocarbons as well as crude oil of a similar nature.
b
Karena air tidak dapat disimpan dalam tangki slop.
Because water cannot be stored in slop tanks.
c
Karena air selalu menimbulkan vakum di ruang pompa.
Because water always creates a vacuum in the pump room.
d
Karena air tidak bisa digunakan pada suhu operasi kapal tanker.
Because water cannot be used at tanker operating temperatures.
Grade
Ungraded
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Question
1225
Mengapa COW sebaiknya dilakukan ketika permukaan tangki masih basah oleh residu minyak?
Why should COW preferably be carried out while the tank surface is still wet with oil residue?
Options
a
Karena residu yang belum mengering lebih mudah dilunakkan dan dibersihkan.
Because residue that has not dried is easier to soften and remove.
b
Karena permukaan yang basah selalu menurunkan kadar oksigen di tangki.
Because a wet surface always lowers the oxygen level in the tank.
c
Karena jet pencuci hanya dapat berputar pada permukaan yang licin.
Because the washing jet can only rotate on a slippery surface.
d
Karena permukaan basah meniadakan kebutuhan stripping.
Because a wet surface eliminates the need for stripping.
Grade
Ungraded
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Question
1226
Mengapa COW dianggap lebih ramah lingkungan daripada pencucian dengan air?
Why is COW considered more environmentally friendly than washing with water?
Options
a
Karena menghasilkan slop dalam jumlah lebih kecil.
Because it produces less slop.
b
Karena tidak memerlukan pompa kargo selama operasi.
Because it does not require cargo pumps during operation.
c
Karena dapat dilakukan tanpa pengawasan personel.
Because it can be carried out without personnel supervision.
d
Karena selalu menghilangkan kebutuhan akan tangki slop.
Because it always eliminates the need for slop tanks.
Grade
Ungraded
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Question
1227
Apa dampak negatif utama pencucian tangki dengan air terhadap operasi dan lingkungan?
What is the main negative effect of washing tanks with water on operations and the environment?
Options
a
Terbentuknya slop minyak-air yang penanganannya sulit dan berisiko mencemari laut.
The formation of oil-water slop, which is difficult to handle and poses a risk of polluting the sea.
b
Menurunnya titik nyala muatan secara permanen.
A permanent reduction in the cargo flash point.
c
Meningkatnya kekuatan struktur tangki secara tidak merata.
An uneven increase in tank structural strength.
d
Bertambahnya tekanan inert gas sampai melebihi batas desain.
An increase in inert gas pressure beyond the design limit.
Grade
Ungraded
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Question
1228
Mengapa COW membantu mempercepat penyelesaian pembersihan tangki di laut?
Why does COW help speed up the completion of tank cleaning at sea?
Options
a
Karena residu minyak dapat diangkat tanpa menghasilkan banyak campuran air yang harus diproses.
Because oil residues can be removed without producing large amounts of water mixture that must be processed.
b
Karena COW menghilangkan kebutuhan ventilasi dan gas freeing.
Because COW eliminates the need for ventilation and gas freeing.
c
Karena COW memperbolehkan semua tangki dibuka selama pelayaran.
Because COW allows all tanks to be opened during the voyage.
d
Karena COW menurunkan viskositas muatan ke nol.
Because COW reduces cargo viscosity to zero.
Grade
Ungraded
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Question
1229
Apa arti sifat thixotropic minyak mentah dalam konteks operasi COW?
What do the thixotropic properties of crude oil mean in the context of COW operations?
Options
a
Kemampuan minyak untuk mengalir lebih mudah ketika mengalami pengadukan atau gaya geser.
The ability of oil to flow more easily when subjected to agitation or shear force.
b
Kemampuan minyak untuk berubah menjadi padat saat terkena tekanan.
The ability of oil to become solid when subjected to pressure.
c
Sifat minyak untuk mengikat oksigen bebas dalam tangki.
The property of oil to bind free oxygen in the tank.
d
Sifat minyak untuk menurunkan suhu tangki tanpa pendinginan tambahan.
The property of oil to reduce tank temperature without additional cooling.
Grade
Ungraded
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Question
1230
Bagaimana COW dapat mengurangi waktu dan biaya pembersihan tangki?
How can COW reduce the time and cost of tank cleaning?
Options
a
Dengan menekan volume slop dan memperkecil pekerjaan penanganan residu sesudah pencucian.
By reducing the volume of slop and minimizing the work required to handle residues after washing.
b
Dengan menghilangkan seluruh kebutuhan pompa stripping.
By eliminating the entire need for stripping pumps.
c
Dengan membuat inspeksi tangki tidak lagi diperlukan.
By making tank inspection no longer necessary.
d
Dengan menggantikan seluruh sistem bongkar muatan.
By replacing the entire cargo discharge system.
Grade
Ungraded
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