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21
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Saat kapal diam di air tenang tanpa gerak maju atau mundur, di mana letak titik porosnya?
When a ship is stationary in calm water without moving ahead or astern, where is its pivot point located?
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22
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Saat kapal membuat laju maju, posisi titik poros umumnya berada di mana?
When a ship is making headway, where is the pivot point generally located?
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23
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Saat kapal membuat laju mundur, posisi titik poros umumnya berada di mana?
When a ship is making sternway, where is the pivot point generally located?
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24
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Selain akselerasi dan bentuk lambung, faktor apa yang sangat memengaruhi posisi titik poros?
Besides acceleration and hull shape, what factor strongly influences the position of the pivot point?
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25
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Gaya apa yang berperan ketika kapal membuat laju maju stabil?
What forces are involved when a ship is making steady headway?
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26
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Saat dua kapal tunda menarik kapal yang sedang diam, di mana titik poros kapal cenderung berada?
When two tugs are pulling a ship that is stationary, where will the ship’s pivot point tend to be?
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27
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Ketika kapal beralih dari diam menjadi laju maju stabil, apa yang terjadi pada titik poros?
When a ship changes from being stationary to making steady headway, what happens to the pivot point?
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28
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Apa yang terjadi pada efisiensi kapal tunda depan ketika kapal sudah membuat laju maju stabil?
What happens to the efficiency of the forward tug when the ship is already making steady headway?
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29
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Saat kapal membuat sternway, di mana letak titik poros cenderung berada?
When a ship is making sternway, where does the pivot point tend to be?
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30
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Bagaimana pengaruh sternway terhadap efisiensi kapal tunda depan?
How does sternway affect the efficiency of the forward tug?
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